03/24/2009 Ordinances 9210ORDINANCE NO. 9210
An ordinance to amend Chapter 36 of the Grand Island City Code specifically, to
amend Sections 36-103 to provide definitions, standards, setbacks and regulations regarding
wind energy systems; to repeal any ordinance or parts of ordinances in conflict herewith; and to
provide for publication in pamphlet form and the effective date of this ordinance.
BE IT ORDAINED BY THE MAYOR AND COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF
GRAND ISLAND, NEBRASKA:
SECTION 1. Sections 36-103 of the Grand Island City Code are hereby amended
to read as follows:
36-103 Wind Enercy Conversion Systems
Definitions
The following are defined for the specific use of this section.
A. Aggregate Project shall mean projects that are developed and operated in a
coordinated fashion, but which have multiple entities separately owning one or
more of the individual WECS within the larger project. Associated infrastructure
such as power lines and transformers that service the facility may be owned by a
separate entity but are also part of the aggregated project.
B. Commercial WECS shall mean a wind energy conversion system of equal to or
greater than 100 kW in total name plate generating capacity.
C. Connector Line shall mean any power conductor that carries electrical power
from one or more wind turbines to the point of interconnection with the
distribution system.
D. Hub Height shall mean the distance from ground level as measured to the
centerline of the rotor.
E. Fall Zone shall mean the area, defined as the furthest distance from the tower
base, in which a guyed or tubular tower will collapse in the event of a structural
failure. This area may be less than the total height of the structure.
F. Meteorological Tower shall mean, for purposes of this regulation, a tower which
is erected primarily to measure wind speed and directions plus other data relevant
to siting a Wind Energy Conversion System. Meteorological towers do not
include towers and equipment used by airports, the Nebraska Department of
Roads, or other applications to monitor weather conditions.
Approved as to Form a
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March 23, 2009 n City Attorney
ORDINANCE NO. 9210 (Cont.)
G. Property Line shall mean the boundary line of the area over which the entity
applying for a Wind Energy Conversion System permit has legal control for the
purpose of installing, maintaining and operating a Wind Energy Conversion
System.
H. Public Conservation lands shall mean land owned in fee title by State or Federal
agencies and managed specifically for conservation purposes, including but not
limited to State Wildlife Management Areas, State Parks, federal Wildlife
Refuges and Waterfowl Production Areas. For purposes of this regulation, public
conservation lands will also include lands owned in fee title by non-profit
conservation organizations, Public conservation lands will also include private
lands upon which conservation easements have been sold to public agencies or
non-profit conservation organizations.
I. Rotor Diameter shall mean the diameter of the circle described by the moving
rotor blades.
J. Small Wind Energy Conversion System (SWECS) shall mean a wind energy
conversion system consisting of a wind turbine, a tower, and associated control or
conversion electronics, which has a rated capacity of not more than 100 kW and
which is intended to primarily reduce on-site consumption of utility power.
K. Substations shall mean any electrical facility to convert electricity produced by
wind turbines to a higher or lower voltage for interconnection with transmission
lines.
L. Total Height shall mean the highest point, above ground level, reached by a rotor
tip or any other part of the Wind Energy Conversion System.
M. Tower shall mean the vertical structures, including the foundation, that support
the electrical generator, rotor blades, or meteorological equipment.
N. Tower Height shall mean the total height of the Wind Energy Conversion
System, between the ground level at the base of the tower and the top of the
tower, exclusive of the rotor blades.
O. Transmission Line shall mean the electrical power lines that carry voltages of at
least 69,000 volts (69 KV) and are primarily used to carry electric energy over
medium to long distances rather than directly interconnecting and supplying
electric energy to retail customers.
P. Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS) shall mean an electrical generating
facility comprised of one or more wind turbines and accessory facilities, including
but not limited to: power lines, transformers, substations and meteorological
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ORDINANCE NO. 9210 (Cont.)
towers that operate by converting the kinetic energy of wind into electrical
energy, which maybe used on-site or distributed into the electrical grid.
Q. Wind Turbines shall mean any piece of electrical generating equipment that
converts the kinetic energy of blowing wind into electrical energy using airfoils or
similar devices to capture the wind.
Small Wind Enemy Conversion Systems
Purpose
It is the purpose of this regulation to promote the safe, effective and efficient use of wind
energy systems installed to reduce the on-site consumption of utility supplied electricity.
Requirements
Small wind energy conversion systems shall be permitted as an Accessory Use within
any district where the use is listed and allowed. Certain requirements as set forth below
shall be met:
A. Tower Height
1. For all residential or residentially zoned properties tower height shall be
limited to 80 feet or the maximum height for a structure in that district, tower
must meet required setbacks.
2. For non-residential or non-residentially zoned properties between 20,000
square feet and one acre tower height shall be limited to 80 feet or the
maximum height for a structure in that district, tower must meet required
setbacks.
3. For non-residential or non-residentially zoned properties greater than one acre
in size, there is no limitation on tower height, except that the tower must meet
required setbacks.
B. Minimum Lot Size
1. Towers shall not be permitted on any lot of less than 20,000 square feet
C. Setbacks
1. No part of the wind system structure, including guy-wire anchors, may extend
closer than 10 feet to the property lines of the installation site; tower must
meet required underlying setbacks.
D. Noise
1. Small wind energy systems shall not exceed 60 dBA, as measured at the closet
neighboring inhabited dwelling unit.
2. The noise level may be exceeded during short term events such as utility
outages and/or severe wind storms, wind speeds of greater than 50 miles per
hour.
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ORDINANCE NO. 9210 (Cont.)
E. Approved Wind Turbines
1. Small wind turbines must have been approved under the Emerging
Technologies program of the California Energy Commission or any other
small certification program recognized by the American Wind Energy
Association.
F. Compliance with Building and Zoning Codes
1. Applications for small wind energy systems shall be accomplished by
standard drawings of the wind turbine structure, including the tower base, and
footings.
2. An engineering analysis of the tower showing compliance with official
building code of the governing body and/or the State of Nebraska and certified
by a licensed professional engineer shall also be submitted.
G. Compliance with FAA Regulations
1. Small wind energy conversion systems must comply with applicable FAA
regulations, including any necessary approvals for installations close to
airports.
2. No small wind energy system shall be installed until evidence has been given
that the Central Nebraska Regional Airport has been informed of the
applicant's intent to install a SWECS if it is located within a designated
approach zone.
H. Compliance with National Electrical Code
1. Permit applications for small wind energy systems shall be accompanied by a
line drawing of the electrical components in sufficient detail to allow for a
determination that the manner of installation conforms to the National
Electrical Code and the National Electric Safety Code.
I. Utility Notification
1. No small wind energy system shall be installed until evidence has been given
that the utility company has been informed of the customer's intent to install
an interconnected customer-owned generator.
2. Off-grid systems shall be exempt from this requirement.
Setbacks
All towers for SWECS shall adhere to the setbacks established in the following table:
Required Setbacks for SWECS Towers
Property Lines One times the total height plus underlying
setback
Road One times the total height plus underlying
Ri hts-of-Wa * setback
Other Rights-of- One times the total height plus underlying
Way setback
* The setback shall be measured from any future Rights-of--Way ifa planned change or expanded Right-of--Way is known.
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ORDINANCE NO. 9210 (Cont.)
CommerciaUUtility Grade Wind Energy Conversion Systems
Purpose
It is the purpose of this regulation to promote the safe, effective and efficient use of
commercial/utility grade wind energy conversion systems within the City of Grand Island
and its Extraterritorial Zoning Jurisdiction
Requirements
Commercial/LTtility Grade wind energy systems shall be a Conditional Use within the
AG-2 Secondary Agricultural District, the TA Transitional Agriculture District and the
AG-SI Special Agriculture/Industrial Zone. The following requirements and information
shall be met and supplied:
A. The name(s) of project applicant.
B. The name of the project owner.
C. The legal description and address of the project.
D. A description of the project including: Number, type, name plate generating
capacity, tower height, rotor diameter, and total height of all wind turbines and
means of interconnecting with the electrical grid.
E. Site layout, including the location of property lines, wind turbines, feeder lines,
and all related accessory structures. This site layout shall include distances and be
drawn to scale.
F. Certification by an Engineer competent in disciplines of WEC's.
G. Documentation of land ownership or legal control of the property.
H. The latitude and longitude of individual wind turbines; included with this shall be
an area or zone in close proximity that meets all setbacks; where actual WEC will
be considered.
I. A USGS topographical map, or map with similar data, of the property and
surrounding area, including any other Wind Energy Conversion System, within 10
rotor distances of the proposed Wind Energy Conversion System not owned by
the applicant.
J. Location of migratory waterfowl flyways, wetlands, scenic, and natural areas
within 1,320 feet of the proposed Wind Energy Conversion System.
K. An Acoustical Analysis that certifies that the noise requirements within this
regulation can be met
L. The applicant shall supply the emergency management agency and/or fire
departments with a basic emergency response plan.
M. FAA and FCC permit, if necessary. Applicant shall submit permit or evidence that
the permit has been filed with the appropriate agencies and that the Central
Nebraska Regional Airport has been notified of the project.
N. Evidence that there will be no inference with any commercial and/or public safety
communication towers.
O. Decommissioning Plan as required by this regulation.
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ORDINANCE NO. 9210 (Cont.)
Setbacks
All towers shall adhere to the setbacks established in the f~ll~wing tahle~
Wind Turbine - Meteorological Towers
Commercial/Utility WECS
Property Lines 150 feet from property lines; however, the setback may be One times the tower height.
less when two adjoining property owners are within the
aggregate project.
Neighboring 1,000 feet One times the tower height.
Dwelling Units
Road One-half the rotor diameter. One times the tower height.
Ri hts-of-Way*
Other Rights-of- NA NA
Way
Wildlife 600 feet 600 feet
Management Areas
and State
Recreational Areas
Wetlands, USFW 600 feet 600 feet
Ty s III, IV, and V
Other structures and One-half the rotor diameter. One times the tower height.
cemeteries adjacent
to the applicants
sites
Other existing NA NA
WECS not owned
by the applicant.
l he setback shall be measured Nom any tuture K~ghts-ot-Way d a planned change or expanded K~ght-ot-Way is known.
Special Safety and Design Standards
All towers shall adhere to the following safety and design standards:
A. Clearance of rotor blades or airfoils must maintain a minimum of 12 feet of
clearance between their lowest point and the ground.
B. All CommerciaWtility WECS shall have a sign or signs posted on the tower,
transformer and substation, warning of high voltage. Other signs shall be posted
on the tower base or perimeter fencing with emergency contact information.
C. All wind turbines, which are a part of a commerciaUutility WECS, shall be
installed with a tubular, monopole type tower.
D. Consideration shall be given to painted aviation warnings on all towers less than
200 feet.
E. Color and finish:
All wind turbines and towers that are part of a commercial/utility WECS shall be
white, grey, or another non-obtrusive color. Blades may be black in order to
facilitate deicing. Finishes shall be matte or non-reflective.
F. Lighting:
Lighting, including lighting intensity and frequency of strobe, shall adhere to but
not exceed requirements established by the FAA permits and regulations. Red
strobe lights shall be used during nighttime illumination to reduce impacts on
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ORDINANCE NO. 9210 (Cont.)
neighboring uses and migratory birds. Red pulsating incandescent lights should be
avoided.
G. Other signage:
All other signage shall comply with the sign regulations found in the City Code.
H. Feeder Lines:
All communications and connector lines associated with the project distribution
system installed as part of a WECS shall be buried. Where obstacles to the buried
lines create a need to go above ground, these lines may be placed above ground
only to miss the obstacle.
I. Waste Disposal:
Solid and Hazardous wastes, including but not limited to crates, packaging
materials, damaged or worn parts, as well as used oils and lubricants, shall be
removed from the site promptly and disposed of in accordance with all applicable
local, state and federal regulations.
J. Discontinuation and Decommissioning:
A WECS shall be considered a discontinued use after one year without energy
production, unless a plan is developed and submitted to the Zoning Administrator
outlining the steps and schedule for returning the WECS to service. All WECS
and accessory facilities shall be completely removed to twelve feet below ground
level within 180 days of the discontinuation of use. The 180 days may be
extended if proof of weather delays is provided.
Each Commercial/Utility WECS shall have a Decommissioning plan outlining the
anticipated means and cost of removing WECS at the end of their serviceable life
or upon use being discontinued. The cost estimates shall be made by a competent
party; such as a Professional Engineer, a contractor capable of decommissioning
or a person with suitable expertise or experience with decommissioning. The plan
shall also identify the financial resources that will be available to pay for
decommissioning and removal of the WECS and accessory facilities. The initial
plan shall be submitted with the application. An updated plan shall be filed with
the City every 5 years.
K. Noise:
No CommerciaUUtility WECS shall exceed 50 dBA at the nearest structure or use
occupied by humans.
L. Interference:
The applicant shall not cause interference with power quality of area utility feeder
circuits and shall not introduce noise to the connected electric distribution system.
WECS shall not cause interference with any commercial or public safety
electromagnetic communications, such as radio, telephone, microwaves, or
television signals. The applicant shall notify all electric utilities and
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ORDINANCE NO. 9210 (Cont.)
communication tower operators within five miles of the proposed WECS location
upon application for permits.
M. Environmental Permits:
The developer shall present evidence the project meets the environmental
permitting requirements of all applicable state and federal agencies if such
permits are required.
N. Drainage System:
The applicant shall be responsible for immediate repair of damage to public
drainage systems stemming from construction, operation or maintenance of the
WECS.
SECTION 2. Sections 36-103 as existing prior to this amendment, and any
ordinances or parts of ordinances in conflict herewith, are repealed.
SECTION 3. The validity of any section, subsection, sentence, clause, or phrase
of this ordinance shall not affect the validity or enforceability of any other section, subsection,
sentence, clause, or phrase thereof.
SECTION 4. That this ordinance shall be in force and take effect from and after
its passage and publication in pamphlet form within 15 days according to law.
Enacted: March 24, 2009.
Margar Hornady, Mayor
Attest:
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RaNae Edwards, City Clerk
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